想尽办法,把事情做成!
硬件组装
系统烧录
TIPS: 由于个人一直使用且熟悉ubuntu系统,所以选择ubuntu24 server。
1. 安装ubuntu24 server
1.1 安装与系统下载地址文档: https://ubuntu.com/download/raspberry-pi ,系统文件大小 1GB 左右。
1.2 问题一:安装错了系统
小编还有一个Pi 4B,三年前买的,一直在运行,因为好久没折腾的原因,很多东西都忘了,只记得Raspberry CPU是arm64系统架构的,所以就直接下了对应的iso镜像,“2.6G”的大小,下了将近2个小时,结果烧录的时候一直报下面的错误:
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partition does not have a fat file system
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由于最近在“三中全会”期间,VPN基本废了,GPT和网络一直断,查资料很困难,从晚上7点折腾到11点,又困又累有糟心。最后才想起这茬,赶紧换烧录系统。
所幸,后面就没啥问题了。
这部分按照文档来就好,问题不大。
1.3 强烈建议:一定要装散热设置,小风扇非常不错,效果非常好。
环境准备
这里提一下该设备的主要用途:安装一个私有gitlab,搭建一个私用的、稳定且强大的工程环境。
小编个人非常重视“工程化思维”和系统工程化建设,但不管是现在的公司还是我个人,在这一块都做得非常不够。
1. 安装完系统后
- 预览
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Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.8.0-1007-raspi aarch64)
* Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management: https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support: https://ubuntu.com/pro
System information as of Mon Jul 15 09:24:31 CST 2024
System load: 0.0 Temperature: 54.0 C
Usage of /: 1.8% of 116.65GB Processes: 137
Memory usage: 3% Users logged in: 1
Swap usage: 0% IPv4 address for wlan0: 192.168.31.111
* Strictly confined Kubernetes makes edge and IoT secure. Learn how MicroK8s
just raised the bar for easy, resilient and secure K8s cluster deployment.
https://ubuntu.com/engage/secure-kubernetes-at-the-edge
This power supply is not capable of supplying 5A; power to peripherals
will be restricted
See man:pemmican-cli(1) for information on suppressing this warning,
or https://rptl.io/rpi5-power-supply-info for more information on the
Raspberry Pi 5 power supply
Expanded Security Maintenance for Applications is not enabled.
0 updates can be applied immediately.
Enable ESM Apps to receive additional future security updates.
See https://ubuntu.com/esm or run: sudo pro status
Last login: Mon Jul 15 08:39:44 2024 from 192.168.31.51
# view architucture
uname -u
aarch64
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2. 更新源
Ubuntu24.04的源地址配置文件发生改变,不再使用以前的sources.list文件,升级24.04之后,该文件内容变成了一行注释:
# Ubuntu sources have moved to /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources新的官方源配置放在了/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources中,升级前的三方源被放在了/etc/apt/sources.list.d/third-party.sources中。
2.1 使用命令查看下:
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cat /etc/apt/sources.list
# Ubuntu sources have moved to the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources
# file, which uses the deb822 format. Use deb822-formatted .sources files
# to manage package sources in the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory.
# See the sources.list(5) manual page for details.
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2.2 禁用系统源
使用vim编辑:
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Enabled: no
Types: deb
URIs: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
Suites: noble noble-updates
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
Enabled: no
Types: deb
URIs: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
Suites: noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
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2.3 编辑 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/third-party.sources文件,填入国内源地址,没有就新建:
清华源
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Enabled: yes
Types: deb
URIs: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
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中科大源
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Enabled: yes
Types: deb
URIs: http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
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阿里源
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Enabled: yes
Types: deb
URIs: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
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网易源
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Enabled: yes
Types: deb
URIs: http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
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腾讯源
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Enabled: yes
Types: deb
URIs: http://mirrors.tencent.com/ubuntu/
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
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2.4 推荐使用阿里云源
文档:https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu-ports?spm=a2c6h.13651104.d-1008.11.1dc44763Vto18m
3. 开发环境准备
3.1 安装node.js 和 npm
3.1.1 直接安装,新版的默认版本是18.19.1,完全可以
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sudo apt install nodejs npm
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3.2 安装Rust
3.2.1 使用命令
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curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
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3.3 安装docker
3.4 安装gitlab
3.4.1 文档: https://about.gitlab.com/install/#ubuntu
3.5 配置pip
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~/.pip/pip.conf
# 添加
[global]
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com
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3.6 安装Rust
阿里云镜像地址:https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/rustup?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.3b291b11CFvmy5
3.6.1 执行下面的命令
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# 永久替换
# bash用户
echo 'export RUSTUP_UPDATE_ROOT=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rustup/rustup' >> ~/.bash_profile
echo 'export RUSTUP_DIST_SERVER=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rustup' >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile
# zsh用户
echo 'export RUSTUP_UPDATE_ROOT=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rustup/rustup' >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'export RUSTUP_DIST_SERVER=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rustup' >> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc
# 安装
# 使用阿里云安装脚本
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/rust/rustup-init.sh | sh
# 使用官方安装脚本
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
# 安装成功
Rust is installed now. Great!
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3.6.2 配置crates.io 镜像
在 cargo 配置文件: ~/.cargo/config 中,添加以下内容: (Windows 系统配置文件地址默认为:%USERPROFILE%.cargo\config)
目前该镜像仅支持稀疏索引配置,需要您的 cargo 版本 >=1.68:
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[source.crates-io]
replace-with = 'aliyun'
[source.aliyun]
registry = "sparse+https://mirrors.aliyun.com/crates.io-index/"
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随记
- ubuntu 查看swap的大小
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free -m # 单位为M
free -h # 单位为G
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- 修改swap的大小
安装dphys-swapfile:https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/noble/en/man8/dphys-swapfile.8.html
修改 swap 分区配置:
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sudo vim /etc/dphys-swapfile
# 重启服务
sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile restart
# 查看
free -h
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- systemd的服务延时启动,以frpc为例
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[Unit]
# 服务名称,可自定义
Description = frpc server
After = network.target syslog.target
Wants = network.target
[Service]
Type = simplei
# 延时启动,单位为s
ExecStartPre=/bin/sleep 45
# 启动frps的命令,需修改为您的frps的安装路径
ExecStart = /home/cogito/CustomServices/Frpc/frpc -c /home/cogito/CustomServices/Frpc/frpc.toml
[Install]
WantedBy = multi-user.target
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- 查看服务/应用日志
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sudo journalctl -u frpc
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